Software testing is essentially examining the functionality of a particular software to identify any possible bugs. This process checks whether the software is up to standard and detects any issues or flaws in the application before it is executed. In other words, software testing allows developers to understand the quality of a software product.
It is necessary to test a software product as it is cost effective in the long run, makes the application much more secure for the end-users, ensures that the software product is of high quality and provides an optimal customer experience. Identifying the flaws and the risks beforehand makes it easier for developers to fix them and ensure that the software runs seamlessly.
For completing any software project successfully it is important to carry out tests. To pick the appropriate software testing type there are many factors that need to be considered such as requirements of the project, budget, expertise available and most importantly the amount of time you can spend on software testing.
There are four broad types of software testing, which are:
Manual testing is that software testing process wherein it is manually verified whether the software product is functioning efficiently without any defects. Documents containing all the vital information about how the software is supposed to work, helps manual testers know what classifies as a defect in the software, as the main aim is to make the software bug free. For carrying out manual testing, the software testers need to write detailed test cases to ensure the test execution is smooth. This type of testing is great when the software needs to be tested only once.
Automated testing is that software testing process wherein specific software tools are utilised to manage the execution of tests and compare the test results with the expected results from a software product. Automation testing is known for improving test accuracy and increasing test coverage. It also enables parallel testing, wherein it tests multiple software applications or parts of an application at once. This type of software testing is great when you need to test a software product repeatedly.
Functional Testing is that type of software testing which validates whether all functions of a particular software product are operating in accordance with the specified requirement. This type of testing includes black box testing and is not concerned with the application’s source code. Functional testing checks User Interface (UI), Security, Database, APIs, Communication with Client / Server and other Application features Under Review. The test may either be performed manually or by automation.
Going by its name, non-functional testing tests the non-functional aspects of a software product such as its reliability, integrity, efficiency, flexibility, interoperability, performance, scalability and usability. The aim of carrying out non-functional software testing is to lower the risks and costs related to the non-functional aspects of an application and to improve customer satisfaction. Non-functional testing allows developers to improve how an application is installed, executed, set-up, managed and tracked. Non-functional testing needs to be carried out after functional testing.
The software testing types mentioned in this guide are simply a fraction of all the testing types. Though there are over hundreds of software testing types, not all software projects need all these tests. These types are the core of software testing and are much more versatile in comparison to other processes.
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